Health will be a universal service of the utmost quality, guaranteed to every citizen at no cost, at every level of care.
Pay the people who heal. Stock the pharmacies. Rebuild the hospitals.
Health reconstruction envelope — the higher end of a $14–28B range.

Working draft. Not an offer.
Cuba counted 106,131 physicians in 2021. In 2025 the Ministry of Public Health counted 71,635 — a third fewer in four years — and 134 residents per doctor. Official counts include doctors serving abroad, so fewer are treating patients on the island.
Source: ONEI, Anuario Estadístico de Cuba 2024 (2021–2024, as reported by Diario de Cuba and CiberCuba); MINSAP, Anuario Estadístico de Salud 2025 (preliminary), Cuadro 103 (2025).
Cuba today in red, CUBA 2.0 in blue, others in gray.
Nominal midpoints in USD, not PPP. Each chart has its own scale, so bar lengths are not comparable across charts.
Cuba today = 2026 state base pay (MTSS Res. 17/2026) at 780 CUP = 1 USD. CUBA 2.0 and other countries: CUBA 2.0 Salary Structure.
Officially, infant mortality fell to 4.0 per 1,000 live births in 2017 and 2018. In 2025 the Ministry reported 9.9, and maternal mortality of 44.1 per 100,000 births. A 2018 peer-reviewed study estimated that correcting for reclassified neonatal deaths would put a reported rate of 5.79 at 7.45–11.16.
Source: MINSAP, Anuario Estadístico de Salud 2025 (preliminary), Cuadro 11; MINSAP and ACN on 2025 maternal and infant results. Study: Berdine, Geloso & Powell, Health Policy and Planning 33(6), 2018.


Cuba still reports more doctors per person than any neighbor. But people in Costa Rica and Puerto Rico live longer, and a Cuban physician earns a fraction of a Dominican one.
| Indicator | Cuba | Dom. Rep. | Costa Rica | Puerto Rico |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy, 2024 (years) | 78.3 | 73.9 | 81.0 | 81.9 |
| Infant mortality per 1,000, 2024 (UN modeled) | 6.8official 2025: 9.9 | 27.7 | 9.1 | 7.12023 |
| Physicians per 1,000 | 9.52021 | 2.42023 | 2.72022 | — |
| Health spending, % of GDP, 2023 | 9.4% | 4.6% | 6.9% | — |
| Physician pay, monthly USD | $10 | $2,075 | $6,525 | — |
Source: World Bank WDI — life expectancy, infant mortality, physicians, health spending; Puerto Rico infant mortality: PR Dept. of Health via March of Dimes PeriStats; physician pay: CUBA 2.0 Salary Structure. — = no comparable series.
Medical services are Cuba's largest source of foreign currency. Health and social-care services earned $4.88 billion in 2022 — 69% of all services exports. The U.S. State Department reports that the state keeps most of each worker's salary abroad.
From about month 18 of the program, health workers move to Medical bands M1–M8 ($200–$5,000 a month) gradually, each group after a performance evaluation.
Duty-free essential medicines, licensed private pharmacies and importers, and fast registration of medicines already approved by recognized regulators.
Re-power and re-equip the 148 hospitals and 451 polyclinics, starting where doctors are scarcest: Artemisa, Mayabeque and Isla de la Juventud.
Care stays free at every level. Licensed private clinics and insurers may operate alongside it, as an option, never a requirement.
Independent health statistics, with every fetal and neonatal death published, so policy rests on real numbers.
A return path for Cuban doctors abroad, and national telemedicine on one digital health record.
Facilities and provincial doctor ratios: MINSAP, Anuario Estadístico de Salud 2025 (preliminary). Bands: CUBA 2.0 Salary Structure. Proposals under review.


In the CUBA 2.0 sequencing, hospitals and clinics are rebuilt in Etapa 2 — Energy, Health & Infrastructure: hospitals re-equipped and staffed to restore care. A first, tentative sizing:
| Component | Tentative |
|---|---|
| Hospitals rebuilt and re-equipped47,417 beds × $345,000 per bed (IDB-financed regional hospitals, Guyana, 2025) | $16.4B |
| Polyclinic network451 polyclinics × $5M (CUBA 2.0 working assumption) | $2.3B |
| Health pay raises, phased in from month 1812.5% of 365,515 workers move to M-band midpoints each quarter, over eight quarters (months 18–42) | $2.8B |
| Medicines, supplies and upkeep, first two yearsDominican-level spending ($489 per person × 10.94M people) net of staff pay ≈ $2.9B a year | $5.8B |
| Power resilience and digital healthCUBA 2.0 working assumption | $0.6B |
| Total — tentativeHigher end of a $14–28B range · about 11% of the ~$250B program | $28B |
Source: beds, workers — MINSAP, Anuario Estadístico de Salud 2025 (preliminary); cost per bed — Guyana Ministry of Health (IDB loan, $79.7M for 240 beds); per-person spending (2023) and population (2025) — World Bank WDI (health spending per person, population); bands — CUBA 2.0 Salary Structure.
Raises start around program month 18. Each quarter, one evaluated group of about 12.5% of health workers moves to its M-band midpoint; after eight quarters (month 42) every group has moved. The cost counts the band pay of workers already moved and does not net out current peso pay, which keeps the estimate at the high end.
| Quarter | Program months | Share moved | Cost in quarter, USD B |
|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | 18–21 | 12.5% | 0.08 |
| Q2 | 21–24 | 25.0% | 0.15 |
| Q3 | 24–27 | 37.5% | 0.23 |
| Q4 | 27–30 | 50.0% | 0.31 |
| Q5 | 30–33 | 62.5% | 0.38 |
| Q6 | 33–36 | 75.0% | 0.46 |
| Q7 | 36–39 | 87.5% | 0.54 |
| Q8 | 39–42 | 100% | 0.61 |
| Total, months 18–42 | 2.76 ≈ 2.8 |
Working assumption: the 12.5%-per-quarter pace. Full bands are reached only from month 42, consistent with the phased payroll in the Salary Structure.
| Component | Higher end (used) | Lower end |
|---|---|---|
| Hospitals47,417 beds × $345k | $16.4B | $8.2Bhalf the beds |
| Polyclinics451 × $5M (assumption) | $2.3B | $1.1Bhalf |
| Pay raises, from month 1812.5% of workers per quarter | $2.8B | $1.4Bhalf the pace (6.25% per quarter) |
| Medicines, supplies and upkeep2 years × $2.9B | $5.8B | $2.9B1 year |
| Power resilience and digital healthassumption | $0.6B | $0.3Bhalf |
| Total | ≈ $27.8B → $28B | ≈ $13.9B → $14B |
Working assumptions, not sourced: $5M per polyclinic and $0.6B for power resilience and digital health. The $28B is a CUBA 2.0 estimate, not part of a published breakdown of the ~$250B program. Tentative figure, sized at the higher end. Pay raises start around month 18 and reach full bands gradually. All projections are illustrative.
Cuban official statistics have known gaps. Figures are as published; CUBA 2.0 estimates are labeled as such.
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Pay in dollars, medicines on the shelves, hospitals rebuilt, and a way home for Cuba's doctors. Read the full program and its two phases.
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